lemmy/docker/prod/nginx.conf

# nginx example config
# replace {{yourdomain}} and review the certbot/letsencrypt config

limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone={{yourdomain}}_ratelimit:10m rate=1r/s;

upstream lemmy {
    # this needs to map to the lemmy (server) docker service hostname
    server "lemmy:8536";
}
upstream lemmy-ui {
    # this needs to map to the lemmy-ui docker service hostname
    server "lemmy-ui:1234";
}

server {
    # allow letsencrypt challenge
    # redirect everything else to 443
    listen 80;
    listen [::]:80;
    server_name {{yourdomain}};
    location /.well-known/acme-challenge/ {
        root /var/www/certbot;
    }
    location / {
        return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
    }
}

server {
    listen 443 ssl http2;
    listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
    server_name {{yourdomain}};

    ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/{{yourdomain}}/fullchain.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/{{yourdomain}}/privkey.pem;

    # Various TLS hardening settings
    # https://raymii.org/s/tutorials/Strong_SSL_Security_On_nginx.html
    ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
    ssl_ciphers 'ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256';
    ssl_session_timeout  10m;
    ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;
    ssl_session_tickets on;
    ssl_stapling on;
    ssl_stapling_verify on;

    # Hide nginx version
    server_tokens off;

    # Enable compression for JS/CSS/HTML bundle, for improved client load times.
    # It might be nice to compress JSON, but leaving that out to protect against potential
    # compression+encryption information leak attacks like BREACH.
    gzip on;
    gzip_types text/css application/javascript image/svg+xml;
    gzip_vary on;

    # Only connect to this site via HTTPS for the two years
    add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=63072000";

    # Various content security headers
    add_header Referrer-Policy "same-origin";
    add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff";
    add_header X-Frame-Options "DENY";
    add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";

    # Upload limit for pictrs
    client_max_body_size 20M;

    # frontend
    location / {
        # distinguish between ui requests and backend
        # don't change lemmy-ui or lemmy here, they refer to the upstream definitions on top
        set $proxpass "http://lemmy-ui";

        if ($http_accept = "application/activity+json") {
            set $proxpass "http://lemmy";
        }
        if ($http_accept = "application/ld+json; profile=\"https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams\"") {
            set $proxpass "http://lemmy";
        }
        if ($request_method = POST) {
            set $proxpass "http://lemmy";
        }
        proxy_pass $proxpass;

        rewrite ^(.+)/+$ $1 permanent;

        # Send actual client IP upstream
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    }

    # backend
    location ~ ^/(api|feeds|nodeinfo|.well-known) {
        proxy_pass "http://lemmy";
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";

        # Rate limit
        limit_req zone={{yourdomain}}_ratelimit burst=30 nodelay;

        # Add IP forwarding headers
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    }

    # pictrs only - for adding browser cache control.
    location ~ ^/(pictrs) {
        # allow browser cache, images never update, we can apply long term cache
        expires 120d;
        add_header Pragma "public";
        add_header Cache-Control "public";

        proxy_pass "http://lemmy";
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";

        # Rate limit
        limit_req zone={{yourdomain}}_ratelimit burst=30 nodelay;

        # Add IP forwarding headers
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    }

    # Redirect pictshare images to pictrs
    location ~ /pictshare/(.*)$ {
        return 301 /pictrs/image/$1;
    }
}

# Anonymize IP addresses
# https://www.supertechcrew.com/anonymizing-logs-nginx-apache/
map $remote_addr $remote_addr_anon {
    ~(?P<ip>\d+\.\d+\.\d+)\.    $ip.0;
    ~(?P<ip>[^:]+:[^:]+):       $ip::;
    127.0.0.1                   $remote_addr;
    ::1                         $remote_addr;
    default                     0.0.0.0;
}
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log combined;