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278 lines
7.7 KiB
Markdown
278 lines
7.7 KiB
Markdown
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# Installing on CentOS 7
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## Installation
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This guide is a step-by-step installation guide for CentOS 7. It also assumes that you have administrative rights, either as root or a user with [sudo permissions](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-create-a-sudo-user-on-centos-quickstart). If you want to run this guide with root, ignore the `sudo` at the beginning of the lines, unless it calls a user like `sudo -Hu pleroma`; in this case, use `su <username> -s $SHELL -c 'command'` instead.
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### Required packages
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* `postgresql` (9,6+, CentOS 7 comes with 9.2, we will install version 11 in this guide)
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* `elixir` (1.5+)
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* `erlang`
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* `erlang-parsetools`
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* `erlang-xmerl`
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* `git`
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* Development Tools
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#### Optional packages used in this guide
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* `nginx` (preferred, example configs for other reverse proxies can be found in the repo)
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* `certbot` (or any other ACME client for Let’s Encrypt certificates)
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### Prepare the system
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* First update the system, if not already done:
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```shell
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sudo yum update
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```
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* Install some of the above mentioned programs:
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```shell
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sudo yum install wget git unzip
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```
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* Install development tools:
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```shell
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sudo yum group install "Development Tools"
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```
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### Install Elixir and Erlang
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* Add the EPEL repo:
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```shell
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sudo yum install epel-release
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sudo yum -y update
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```
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* Install Erlang repository:
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```shell
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wget -P /tmp/ https://packages.erlang-solutions.com/erlang-solutions-1.0-1.noarch.rpm
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sudo rpm -Uvh erlang-solutions-1.0-1.noarch.rpm
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```
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* Install Erlang:
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```shell
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sudo yum install erlang erlang-parsetools erlang-xmerl
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```
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* Download [latest Elixir release from Github](https://github.com/elixir-lang/elixir/releases/tag/v1.8.1) (Example for the newest version at the time when this manual was written)
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```shell
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wget -P /tmp/ https://github.com/elixir-lang/elixir/releases/download/v1.8.1/Precompiled.zip
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```
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* Create folder where you want to install Elixir, we’ll use:
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```shell
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sudo mkdir -p /opt/elixir
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```
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* Unzip downloaded file there:
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```shell
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sudo unzip /tmp/Precompiled.zip -d /opt/elixir
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```
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* Create symlinks for the pre-compiled binaries:
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```shell
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for e in elixir elixirc iex mix; do sudo ln -s /opt/elixir/bin/${e} /usr/local/bin/${e}; done
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```
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### Install PostgreSQL
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* Add the Postgresql repository:
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```shell
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sudo yum install https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/11/redhat/rhel-7-x86_64/pgdg-centos11-11-2.noarch.rpm
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```
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* Install the Postgresql server:
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```shell
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sudo yum install postgresql11-server postgresql11-contrib
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```
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* Initialize database:
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```shell
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sudo /usr/pgsql-11/bin/postgresql-11-setup initdb
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```
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* Open configuration file `/var/lib/pgsql/11/data/pg_hba.conf` and change the following lines from:
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```plain
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# IPv4 local connections:
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host all all 127.0.0.1/32 ident
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# IPv6 local connections:
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host all all ::1/128 ident
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```
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to
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```plain
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# IPv4 local connections:
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host all all 127.0.0.1/32 md5
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# IPv6 local connections:
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host all all ::1/128 md5
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```
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* Enable and start postgresql server:
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```shell
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sudo systemctl enable --now postgresql-11.service
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```
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### Install PleromaBE
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* Add a new system user for the Pleroma service:
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```shell
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sudo useradd -r -s /bin/false -m -d /var/lib/pleroma -U pleroma
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```
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**Note**: To execute a single command as the Pleroma system user, use `sudo -Hu pleroma command`. You can also switch to a shell by using `sudo -Hu pleroma $SHELL`. If you don’t have and want `sudo` on your system, you can use `su` as root user (UID 0) for a single command by using `su -l pleroma -s $SHELL -c 'command'` and `su -l pleroma -s $SHELL` for starting a shell.
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* Git clone the PleromaBE repository and make the Pleroma user the owner of the directory:
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```shell
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sudo mkdir -p /opt/pleroma
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sudo chown -R pleroma:pleroma /opt/pleroma
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sudo -Hu pleroma git clone https://git.pleroma.social/pleroma/pleroma /opt/pleroma
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```
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* Change to the new directory:
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```shell
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cd /opt/pleroma
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```
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* Install the dependencies for Pleroma and answer with `yes` if it asks you to install `Hex`:
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```shell
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sudo -Hu pleroma mix deps.get
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```
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* Generate the configuration: `sudo -Hu pleroma mix pleroma.instance gen`
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* Answer with `yes` if it asks you to install `rebar3`.
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* This may take some time, because parts of pleroma get compiled first.
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* After that it will ask you a few questions about your instance and generates a configuration file in `config/generated_config.exs`.
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* Check the configuration and if all looks right, rename it, so Pleroma will load it (`prod.secret.exs` for productive instance, `dev.secret.exs` for development instances):
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```shell
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mv config/{generated_config.exs,prod.secret.exs}
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```
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* The previous command creates also the file `config/setup_db.psql`, with which you can create the database:
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```shell
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sudo -Hu postgres psql -f config/setup_db.psql
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```
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* Now run the database migration:
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```shell
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sudo -Hu pleroma MIX_ENV=prod mix ecto.migrate
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```
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* Now you can start Pleroma already
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```shell
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sudo -Hu pleroma MIX_ENV=prod mix phx.server
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```
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### Finalize installation
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If you want to open your newly installed instance to the world, you should run nginx or some other webserver/proxy in front of Pleroma and you should consider to create a systemd service file for Pleroma.
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#### Nginx
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* Install nginx, if not already done:
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```shell
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sudo yum install nginx
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```
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* Setup your SSL cert, using your method of choice or certbot. If using certbot, first install it:
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```shell
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sudo yum install certbot-nginx
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```
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and then set it up:
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```shell
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sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/letsencrypt/
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sudo certbot certonly --email <your@emailaddress> -d <yourdomain> --standalone
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```
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If that doesn’t work, make sure, that nginx is not already running. If it still doesn’t work, try setting up nginx first (change ssl “on” to “off” and try again).
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---
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* Copy the example nginx configuration to the nginx folder
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```shell
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sudo cp /opt/pleroma/installation/pleroma.nginx /etc/nginx/conf.d/pleroma.conf
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```
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* Before starting nginx edit the configuration and change it to your needs (e.g. change servername, change cert paths)
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* Enable and start nginx:
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```shell
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sudo systemctl enable --now nginx
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```
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If you need to renew the certificate in the future, uncomment the relevant location block in the nginx config and run:
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```shell
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sudo certbot certonly --email <your@emailaddress> -d <yourdomain> --webroot -w /var/lib/letsencrypt/
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```
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#### Other webserver/proxies
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You can find example configurations for them in `/opt/pleroma/installation/`.
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#### Systemd service
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* Copy example service file
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```shell
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sudo cp /opt/pleroma/installation/pleroma.service /etc/systemd/system/pleroma.service
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```
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* Edit the service file and make sure that all paths fit your installation
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* Enable and start `pleroma.service`:
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```shell
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sudo systemctl enable --now pleroma.service
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```
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#### Create your first user
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If your instance is up and running, you can create your first user with administrative rights with the following task:
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```shell
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sudo -Hu pleroma MIX_ENV=prod mix pleroma.user new <username> <your@emailaddress> --admin
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```
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#### Further reading
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* [Admin tasks](Admin tasks)
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* [Backup your instance](Backup-your-instance)
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* [Configuration tips](General tips for customizing pleroma fe)
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* [Hardening your instance](Hardening-your-instance)
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* [How to activate mediaproxy](How-to-activate-mediaproxy)
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* [Small Pleroma-FE customizations](Small customizations)
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* [Updating your instance](Updating-your-instance)
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## Questions
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Questions about the installation or didn’t it work as it should be, ask in [#pleroma:matrix.org](https://matrix.heldscal.la/#/room/#freenode_#pleroma:matrix.org) or IRC Channel **#pleroma** on **Freenode**.
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